Ingredient Index
Lactoferrin
Lactoferrin is a natural, iron-binding milk glycoprotein that is present in high concentrations in human milk 94Manzoni, P., Dall’Agnola, A., Tomé, D., Kaufman, D. A., Tavella, E., Pieretto, M., Messina, A., De Luca, D., Bellaiche, M., Mosca, A., Piloquet, H., Simeoni, U., Picaud, J. C., & Del Vecchio, A. (2018). Role of Lactoferrin in Neonates and Infants: An Update. American Journal of Perinatology, 35(6), 561–565. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1639359 167Yang, Z., Jiang, R., Chen, Q., Wang, J., Duan, Y., Pang, X., Jiang, S., Bi, Y., Zhang, H., Lönnerdal, B., Lai, J., & Yin, S. (2018). Concentration of lactoferrin in human milk and its variation during lactation in different Chinese populations. Nutrients, 10(9), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10091235 and can also be isolated from bovine milk. Lactoferrin has been shown to support the immune system 28Drago-Serrano, M., Campos-Rodríguez, R., Carrero, J., & de la Garza, M. (2017). Lactoferrin: Balancing Ups and Downs of Inflammation Due to Microbial Infections. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 18(3), 501. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18030501 78Kell, D. B., Heyden, E. L., & Pretorius, E. (2020). The Biology of Lactoferrin, an Iron-Binding Protein That Can Help Defend Against Viruses and Bacteria. Frontiers in Immunology, 11, 1221. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules20069703. Studies in infants suggest it can reduce the risk of respiratory and gastrointestinal infections 22Chen, K., Chai, L., Li, H., Zhang, Y., Xie, H. M., Shang, J., Tian, W., Yang, P., & Jiang, A. C. (2016). Effect of bovine lactoferrin from iron-fortified formulas on diarrhea and respiratory tract infections of weaned infants in a randomized controlled trial. Nutrition, 32(2), 222–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2015.08.010 80King, J. C., Cummings, G. E., Guo, N., Trivedi, L., Readmond, B. X., Keane, V., Feigelman, S., & De Waard, R. (2007). A double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot study of bovine lactoferrin supplementation in bottle-fed infants. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 44(2), 245–251. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.mpg.0000243435.54958.68 35Li, F., Wu, S. S., Berseth, C. L., Harris, C. L., Richards, J. D., Wampler, J. L., Zhuang, W., Cleghorn, G., Rudolph, C. D., Liu, B., Shaddy, D. J., & Colombo, J. (2019). Improved Neurodevelopmental Outcomes Associated with Bovine Milk Fat Globule Membrane and Lactoferrin in Infant Formula: A Randomized, Controlled Trial. Journal of Pediatrics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.08.030.